Farming: Difference between revisions

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{{ll|Wild Foods|Wild crops}} are created during world generation and can be found all over the world in different climatic regions. Breaking these crops is essential for gathering seeds to plant crops. Wild crops that are not mature do not always drop seeds when broken. Wild crops will grow, even when the chunks are not loaded, and their growth is not influenced by temperatures. However, they will also revert back to growth stage 1 after fully grown, if they are not harvested before the next growth tick. It is recommended to harvest all wild crops, regardless of growth stage, when out on a long journey, if the player foresees that they will not come the same way again.

| {{ll|Peanut|<translate>Peanut</translate>}} || [[File:Legume-peanut.png|25px]] || <translate><!--T:88--> Warm</translate>

Four types of naturally occurring {{ll|soil|soil}} exist in the world at different fertility rates: barren 5%, low 25%, medium 50%, and ultra-high called '''terra preta''' 80%. Soil retains its fertility levels when blocks are gathered and placed elsewhere, so a good farming strategy is to hunt soil with high nutrient levels and bring it home.

'''High-fertility soil''' is a player generated soil type with nutrient levels of 65%. This dirt is an alternative farming option if terra preta cannot be located. Each block of high-fertility soil is created by sealing 64 {{ll|rot|rot}} in a {{ll|barrel|barrel}} for 20 days, then combining 8 of the resulting compost in the crafting grid around a block of medium-fertility soil to create one block of high-fertility soil.

|Ingredients= 8x {{ll|Compost|<translate><!--T:100--> Compost</translate>}}<br>1x {{ll|Soil|<translate><!--T:101--> Medium fertility soil</translate>}}

|A1=Compost|A1-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|A1_name=<translate><!--T:102--> Compost</translate>

|B1=Compost|B1-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|B1_name=<translate><!--T:103--> Compost</translate>

|C1=Compost|C1-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|C1_name=<translate><!--T:104--> Compost</translate>

|A2=Compost|A2-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|A2_name=<translate><!--T:105--> Compost</translate>

|B2=Soil-medium-none|B2-link=Special:MyLanguage/Soil|B2_name=<translate><!--T:106--> Medium fertility soil</translate>

|C2=Compost|C2-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|C2_name=<translate><!--T:107--> Compost</translate>

|A3=Compost|A3-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|A3_name=<translate><!--T:108--> Compost</translate>

|B3=Compost|B3-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|B3_name=<translate><!--T:109--> Compost</translate>

|C3=Compost|C3-link=Special:MyLanguage/Compost|C3_name=<translate><!--T:110--> Compost</translate>

|Output=Soil-high-none|Output_name=<translate><!--T:111--> High fertility soil</translate>

[[File:Moist-dry-farmland.png|thumb]]

{{Using|Using}} a {{ll|hoe|hoe}} + {{RMB}} on a soil block creates dry farmland. If the farmland is within 3 blocks of a freshwater source block, it will be converted from dry to moist farmland. Other solutions for creating moist farmland include daily watering using a watering can, or relying on rain in a rainy area. Moisture levels above 50% gives a bonus to growth speed. More specifically, reducing the total hours needed for a crop to grow to the next stage by up to two hours of in-game time, if at 100% moisture.

All soil, dirt, dry or moist farmland, has 3 nutrient levels, N, P, and K. Each crop consumes one of these nutrients. Some crops require higher values of nutrients than others, as shown in the table below. Crop growth rates also differ. Each crop has different total growth speed, which is shown by the number of growth days.  

Nutrients in farmland slowly replenish over time and return to the maximum level per soil type, for instance medium fertility will only regain nutrients to original levels. The rate of nutrient replenishment is slower if a crop is growing on it and faster when left fallow - meaning no crop growing. The nutrition type used by the currently growing crop will regenerate even slower then the two not actively used, and effectively wont replenish at all, as the currently growing crop reduces it with every growth tick. If the crop on the farmland is ripe, none of the nutrients will replenish.

Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area over time and has been used since ancient times to maximize crop production. Nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potassium (K) dependent crops can be rotated on the same growing area. For example, after harvesting a nitrogen dependent crop such as turnips, the soil will have a lower level of nitrogen but high levels of the two other nutrients. Therefore a phosphate or potassium dependent crop can be planted in the same soil.  

A common crop rotation strategy is to divide the fertile area into four sections, one each for N, P or K dependent crops and one left fallow (without any crops growing). In the screenshot on the right, turnips (N-dependent) are planted in the top left, onions (P-dependent) in the top right, carrots (K-dependent) in the bottom right and the bottom left area is left without any crops. After harvest the planting will be rotated clockwise so that turnips will now be planted in the top right, onions in the bottom right, carrots in the bottom left and the top left will not have any crops. Rotate clockwise again after each harvest.  

Fertilizer such as {{ll|saltpeter|saltpeter}}, {{ll|potash|potash}} and {{ll|bonemeal|bonemeal}} can be applied to the soil to replenish nutriments depleted by the growth of crops without waiting for the slow natural replenishment in fallow soil (no crops planted) or the need for crop rotation.  

To harvest, left click on the crop with an empty hand or harvesting tool, {{ll|knife|knife}} or {{ll|scythe|scythe}}. Fully mature crops will return seeds, food, and in the case of flax, fiber. All fully mature crops have about a 5% chance to drop an extra seed when harvested.  

* Total Growth Days - The number of in game days it takes for a crop to be fully grown (harvestable).

* Cold/ Heat Resistance - {{ll|Temperature|Temperature}} range the crop can endure before it takes damage and then will yield less harvest on breaking. Generally all crops are able to keep growing only above 0°C. They might be able to endure lower temperatures without damage, but will not be able to grow under such circumstances. The only way to artificially regulate temperature for crop growth at the moment is through the use of a {{ll|greenhouse|greenhouse}} structure, which will raise the temperature by 5°C. Keep in mind that getting to cold or too hot can halve the harvest of a crop or even kill a crop entirely, but the seeds will always be dropped.

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:131--> Crop</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:132--> Growth Stages</translate> !! colspan="2"|<translate><!--T:133--> Total Growth</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:134--> Nutrient</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:135--> Nutrient Consumption</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:136--> Cold Resistance</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:137--> Heat Resistance</translate> !! rowspan="2"|<translate><!--T:138--> Yield</translate>

! <translate><!--T:139--> Months</translate> !! <translate><!--T:140--> Days</translate>*

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:141--> Carrot</translate>|icon=Grid Carrot|page=Carrot}} || 7 || 1.2 || 10.8 || <translate><!--T:142--> '''K''' (Potassium)</translate> || 40 || -10°C || 32°C || {{Range|11|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:143--> Flax</translate>|icon=Grid flax|page=Flax}} || 9 || 2.0 || 18 || <translate><!--T:144--> '''K''' (Potassium)</translate> || 50 || -5°C || 40°C || {{Range|8|1}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:147--> Spelt</translate>|icon=Grid spelt|page=Spelt}} || 9 || 2.0 || 18 || <translate><!--T:148--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 40 || -5°C || 40°C || {{Range|12|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:149--> Turnip</translate>|icon=Grid turnip|page=Turnip}} || 5 || 1.0 || 9 || <translate><!--T:150--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 30 || -5°C || 27°C || {{Range|7|1}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:151--> Parsnip</translate>|icon=Grid parsnip|page=Parsnip}} || 8 || 2.0 || 18 || <translate><!--T:152--> '''P''' (Phosphorus)</translate> || 20 || -10°C || 32°C || {{Range|12|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:155--> Rye</translate>|icon=Grid rye|page=Rye}} || 9 || 2.0 || 18 || <translate><!--T:156--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 40 || -12°C || 27°C || {{Range|11|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:159--> Amaranth</translate>|icon=Grid_amaranth|page=Amaranth}} || 9 || 2.0 || 18 || <translate><!--T:160--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 15 || 6°C || 42°C || {{Range|6|1}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:161--> Bell Pepper</translate>|icon=Bellpepper|page=Bell Pepper}} || 19 || 2.2 || 19.8 || <translate><!--T:162--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 35 || 8°C || 34°C || <translate><!--T:163--> Not implemented</translate>

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:164--> Cassava</translate>|icon=Cassava|page=Cassava}} || 9 || 5.0 || 45 || <translate><!--T:165--> '''K''' (Potassium)</translate> || 25 || 4°C || 44°C || {{Range|16|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:166--> Peanut</translate>|icon=Legume-peanut|page=Peanut}} || 9 || 2.5 || 22.5 || <translate><!--T:167--> '''P''' (Phosphorus)</translate> || 45 || 10°C || 42°C || {{Range|10|2}}

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:168--> Pineapple</translate>|icon=Pineapple|page=Pineapple}} || 16 || 6.0 || 54|| <translate><!--T:169--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 15 || 6°C || 48°C || 1

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:172--> Pumpkin</translate>|icon=Grid pumpkin|page=Pumpkin}} || 8 || 1.7 || 15.3 || <translate><!--T:173--> '''P''' (Phosphorus)</translate> || 30 || -5°C || 40°C || <translate><!--T:174--> Variable</translate>**

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:175--> Cabbage</translate>|icon=Grid cabbage|page=Cabbage}} || 12 || 1.5 || 13.5 || <translate><!--T:176--> '''N''' (Nitrogen)</translate> || 40 || -5°C || 35°C || 2

<nowiki>*</nowiki>Pumpkins are cultivated differently than all other crops. Please see the {{ll|pumpkin|pumpkin}} page for detailed instructions about establishing a pumpkin patch.

<nowiki>**</nowiki>Growth times are calculated based on number of days in a month. Changing the length of a month will change the total growth time in days proportionally.

{{ll|Fruit trees|Fruit trees}} were introduced in the Homesteading Update (v.1.16). There are a total of nine different types of fruit bearing trees: red apple, pink apple, yellow apple, peach, pear, cherry, orange, olive and mango. Some of the trees, like mango and orange, are specifically adapted to the warmer climates, whereas apples, pears and peaches thrive in temperate climate.

They can be found in the wild, and through breaking their branches with an {{ll|axe|axe}}, a tree cutting can be acquired. Each cutting has a 40% chance to grow into a full tree when planted in the ground - if the temperature requirements are met. Some trees must go through "vernalization", when the temperature drops down below a certain point", for them to set fruit.

{{ll|Hare|Rabbits}} will go after planted crops and eat them. They will leave behind a dead plant that drops one seed, but no crops. There are some crops that are ''not'' eaten by rabbits, namely onions, pineapples, and pumpkins. These can be planted without protection if grown alone.

Since rabbits spawn on grass blocks, rabbit-proofing farms with walls, {{ll|fence|fences}} or a two-block deep dry moat around farm blocks is recommended. Players must take care to leave no grass blocks within the enclosed area. The moat the added bonus of catching hungry rabbits when they try to reach the player's crops. Keep in mind that adult rabbits can jump over a single fence block if it is bordered by water. Rabbit spawns can also be blocked inside an enclosed area by placing stones on the ground or removing all grass. Grass that grows on fallow farm blocks does not grow tall enough to be a valid rabbit spawn.

Wild crops are ignored by rabbits.

Version 1.14 introduced significant limitations on underground farming. There is a soft limit for plant growth in relation to depth below sea level. Each level below sea level requires one extra light level for the crop to grow, and below light level 19, each farther level incurs a 10% growth penalty, which means growth will stop entirely at or below light level 9.

Given that the sun's light level is 22, this means that with direct sunlight shafts alone, farms can be placed at a maximum 3 levels below sea level without incurring growth penalties, and a maximum 12 levels below sea level before growth stops completely.

In a default height world, sea level is at 110.

The efficiency values below in the "Satiety/Growth time (days)" column are based on the total yield of a crop from one tile of farmland, multiplied by the food's satiety, divided by the number of growth days until maturity. Note that pumpkins, while they only require a single block of farmland, spread out to cover a wider area of dirt. This space efficiency was not taken into account.

| 10.58 || 42.35 || 56.47

| 40.00 || 186.67 || 78.57

| 36.00 || 144.00 || 180.00

| {{Item List|item=<translate><!--T:211--> Cassava (peeled)*</translate>|icon=Cassava|page=Cassava}} || <translate><!--T:212--> Vegetable</translate>

| {{NA}} || {{NA}} || 107.14

| 48.00 || 192.00 || 240.00

* Pinapples and pumpkins cannot be eaten nor cooked with whole. They must first be sliced with a knife, producing 4 pieces each with exactly 25% of the entire produce's satiety.

! <translate><!--T:225--> Detailed explanation including changes since version 1.13</translate> !! <translate><!--T:226--> Detailled explanation of pumpkin plants</translate>