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[[File:Chicken-with-trough.png|right|300px]]


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'''Domestication''' is the concept of animals losing fear of and aggressiveness towards players over generations.


[[File:Chicken-with-trough.png|right|300px]]
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Vintage Story also includes a number of game mechanics that allow the domestication of some of the animals that roam the world. To domesticate animals, players must capture at least one male and one female so that offspring can be bred in "captivity". The animals behavior changes after multiple generations. Even after domestication, [[boar]]s and bighorn [[sheep]] will still become aggressive when attacked.  
Vintage Story includes a number of game mechanics that allow the domestication of some of the animals that roam the world. To domesticate animals, players must capture at least one male and one female so that offspring can be bred to become more and more accustomed to the player. The animals' behavior changes after multiple generations - you can't change aggressiveness and fear of a specific animal; only their offspring will be less fearful and aggressive towards the player. Even after reaching high generations, {{ll|boar|boars}} and {{ll|bighorn sheep|bighorn sheep}} will still become aggressive when attacked.  


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== Generational changes == <!--T:21-->
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Only the mother's heritage matters; the father is not considered when checking for the offspring's generation. This means, if you have a female gen3 and a male gen4, the offspring will always be gen4, as the offspring will always be one generation higher than the mother.


== Generational changes ==
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Only the mothers heritage matters, the father is not considered when checking for the newborns generation. This means, if you have a female gen3 and a male gen4, the babies will always be gen4, as the child will always be one generation up from the mother.
''' After 1 generation:'''
<ul><li> Animals can be {{Using|pet}}. Petting causes the animal to stand peacefully.</li></ul>
''' After 3 generations:'''
<ul><li> Animals can be {{Using|killed}} in one hit with the {{ll|cleaver|cleaver}}, by holding {{RMB}} for a few seconds; careful which creature you're aiming at when ''releasing'' the mouse.</li></ul>
''' After 10 generations:'''
* Sleeping animals will no longer wake when a player approaches.
* Aggressive animals will become neutral (i.e. only attack when provoked) and roosters will stop attacking each other.
* Animals will no longer run away from the player.


* After 3 generations:  
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** Animals can be {{Using|killed}} nearly instantly with the [[cleaver]].
For testing purposes, there is a command which the player can use to change the generation of livestock:<br>
* After 10 generations:  
* Version 1.18.15 and previous:<code>/debug setgen [number]</code> - with number being the generation the player wants the animal to be.
** Sleeping Animals will no longer wake when a player approaches .
* Version 1.19rc8: <code>/entity cmd l[] setgen [number]</code> while looking at the animal.
** Aggressive animals will become neutral, i.e. only attack when being provoked.
** Animals will no longer run away from the player.


For testing purposes, in version 1.14 there is a command which the player can use to change the generation of livestock:<br>
== Moving Animals == <!--T:24-->
<code>/debug setgen [number]</code> - with number being the generation the player wants the animal to be


== Moving Animals ==
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As of version 1.16.5, the game does not have leashes or similar means to easily transport animals, either for capturing wild ones, or moving already domesticated ones.


As of version 1.4, the game does not have leashes or similar means to easily transport animals, either for capturing wild ones, or moving already domesticated ones.
=== Capturing Wild Animals === <!--T:26-->


===Capturing Wild Animals===
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For capturing wild animals, two different methods can be employed:
For capturing wild animals, three different methods can be employed:
# '''Craft:''' Create a Reed Basket Trap and insert the appropriate food item as bait.  Small creatures might enter the trap.  The player then has 24 game-hours to transport the captured animal to an enclosure and release it before it dies inside the basket. Note that the player must have an empty backpack slot to pick up and transport these traps once an animal is inside.
# '''Active:''' Provoke the animal with a weak attack. In return, it will try to attack the player. If the player then runs away, they will follow for a short distance. Alternatively, the animal may flee, in which case the player can chase them towards the desired location. This behavior can be used to guide them into previously prepared animal pens. If the player encounters a group of animals together, focus on the males, as females will follow their male counterpart. Wild hens will always try to flee from the player, while wild roosters will occasionally try to attack; again, use this to your advantage by leading them into a pen.
# '''Passive:''' In an area nearby the desired animals, dig a pit at least 2 blocks deep and place a {{ll|Trough|trough}} with the appropriate food portions in it. Wait for the animals to fall into the pit trap, and convert the pit into the animal pen. Players may also dig a "moat" around the desired animal pen. As long as the desired food is placed correctly inside the pen, wild animals may be drawn to it and become trapped.


=== Moving Domesticated Animals === <!--T:28-->


# Active: Provoke the wild boars/pigs or bighorn sheep with a weak attack. In return, boars and sheep will try to attack players. If players run away from them, they will follow for a short distance. This behavior can be used to guide them into carefully prepared animal pens. Female pigs and sheep will always follow their male counterpart. If you encounter a group of animals together, try only antagonizing the males - the females will automatically follow. Wild chickens always try to flee from the player, again, use this advantage by chasing the chickens into the pen.
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# Passive: In an area nearby the animals to capture, dig a pit at least 2 blocks deep and place a [[Trough|trough]] with food portions in it. Wait for the animals to fall into the pit trap, and convert the pit into the animal pen. Players can also chase wild chickens into this pit trap.
[[File:Animal funelling.PNG|400px|thumb|right|Example of a bighorn sheep walking to their new enclosure through a funelling system]]


===Moving Domesticated Animals===
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[[File:Animal funelling.PNG|right|300px]]
Moving animals around can be complicated after the player has already started breeding them, as animals will loose their fear of the player after generation 10, and might not easily run away or be provoked to attack and follow.
Moving animals around can be complicated after the player has already started breeding them, as animals will loose their fear of the player after generation 10, and might not easily run away or be provoked to attack and follow.
Therefore, as an alternative to the above mentioned methods, a funnelling technique can be employed to move animals or even separate them if need be, for instance to cull lower generations.<br>
Therefore, as an alternative to the above mentioned methods, a funneling technique can be employed to move animals or even separate them if need be, for instance to cull lower generations.<br>
To archive this, the player needs at least one trough, plenty of fence and the appropriate food for the animals. Then simply build a corridor from the original enclosure to the next one (or an in between stop). Place a filled trough in the new enclosure, and open the corridor on both ends. Make sure you are in a good position to place fences in the corridor as need be.<br>
To achieve this, the player needs:
The animals will start walking from the original enclosure towards the filled trough, and the player should have enough time and space to place fences to separate the animals from each other. Depending on where the trough is placed, the walking direction of the animals can be influenced to give the player even more opportunity to intervene and pull animals out of the herd.
* At least one trough
* Plenty of fence
* The appropriate food for the animals.  
Then simply build a corridor from the original enclosure to the next one (or an in between stop). Place a filled trough in the new enclosure, and open the corridor on both ends. Make sure you are in a good position to place fences in the corridor as need be.
The animals will start walking from the original enclosure towards the one with the filled trough, and the player should have enough time and space to place fences to separate the animals from each other. Depending on where the trough is placed, the walking direction of the animals can be influenced to give the player even more opportunity to intervene and pull animals out of the herd.<br>
 
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Another useful moving technique is water. Be careful, though; water also lifts animals up, so they can climb fences of single height.
 
== Breeding == <!--T:29-->
 
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All animals must consume portions of feed in order to breed. {{Using|Placing}} the appropriate amount of [[dry grass]], {{ll|grain|grain}}, [[vegetable]]<nowiki/>s, or fruit mash into the proper-sized trough (or, for hares, simply dropping the food items on the ground nearby) allows players to feed different animals, depending on their food preference. Both male and female animals must eat until they become satiated in order to produce offspring. The {{BlockInfo}} shows the level of satiation when a player looks at an animal. It will also show the creature weight, generation, whether an animal is ready to breed, ready for milking, or at risk of disappearing due to darkness.<br>
Animals can consume food from 0.6 blocks away and mate at a distance of up to 10 blocks away.


== Breeding ==


All animals must consume portions of feed in order to breed. {{Using|Placing}} 8 [[dry grass]] or 2 [[grain]] into a trough players can feed animals. Both male and female animals must eat until they become saturated. The {{BlockInfo}} shows the level of saturation when a player looks at an animal. It will also show the creature weight, generation, whether an animal is ready to breed, to milking and if it may disappear due to darkness.
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Each food portion gives 1.0 satiation.  ''After'' reaching the "Ready to mate" stage, larger female mammals need to eat 10 portions of feed, hens need 4, and hares need 2 in order to become pregnant. Males don't show their satiation in the {{BlockInfo}}, but they need a satiation value of at least 1.0 to mate. (Note that since their satiation slowly goes down, on average they need to eat at least twice to be able to mate with a female). After mating, both the male and female parents’ satiation level will reset to zero.


'''(Note:''' Feed is ''not required'' for captured or domesticated animals to survive. They cannot starve to death. Additionally, all the time frames listed below assume the player has default, 9-day months. The length of gestation and maturation will scale accordingly if this setting is altered.)


=== Pigs ===  
=== Pigs === <!--T:31-->


[[Boar]]s eat animal feed placed in a [[Trough|large trough]]. The Sows will need a satiety value of 10 before they are ready to mate. After a pregnancy of 25 ingame days, sows bear litters of multiple piglets (4-6) at a time, so be sure the pen is large enough to accommodate for a "pigsplosion", which may occur when breeding multiple females simultaneously. Piglets will need 158 hours to grow up, with a chance of 75% to be female and 25% to be male. Sows will have 6-11 days of "cooldown" time before they can breed again.<br>
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{{ll|Pig|Pigs}} eat food placed in a {{ll|Trough|large trough}}: any grains (except rice), certain vegetables (turnips, carrots, onions, cabbages, and pumpkins), and fruit mash. Once the sows are ready to mate, they need to eat 10 portions before they can become pregnant. After a pregnancy of 25 in-game days, sows bear litters of multiple piglets (4-6) at a time, so be sure the pen is large enough to accommodate a "pigsplosion", which may occur when breeding multiple females simultaneously. Piglets take 158 game-hours to mature, and have a 75% chance of being female and a 25% chance of being male. Sows will not become pregnant again until after 6-11 days have passed.<br>
Note that boars (and sometimes sows) will attack players when in close range but will become passive after 10 generations.
Note that boars (and sometimes sows) will attack players when in close range but will become passive after 10 generations.
When piglets are nearby, boars and sows that were peaceful during pregnancy will become aggressive.
=== Sheep === <!--T:33-->
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{{ll|Sheep|Sheep}} eat food placed in a {{ll|Trough|large trough}}: dry grass (or hay), grains (except rice), vegetables (except parsnips), or fruit mash<ref>Lines 12-14 of sheep-bighorn-female.json</ref>. When the {{BlockInfo}} says ewes are ready to mate, they need to eat 10 portions of food from a large trough. After a gestation period of 20 days, ewes bear one lamb at a time, and the chances for male or female are 50/50. Lambs take 336 game-hours to grow up, and ewes will take 4-11 days before they are ready to breed again.<br>
Note that male sheep (and sometimes the females) will always attack players when in close range, and will not stop until after 10 generations of breeding.
=== Goats ===  <!--T:67-->
{{ll|Goat|Goats}} eat food placed in a {{ll|Trough|large trough}}: dry grass (or hay), grains (except rice), vegetables (except parsnips), or fruit mash<ref>Lines 58-61 of goat.json</ref>. When the {{BlockInfo}} says nannies are ready to mate, they need to eat 10 portions<ref>Line 442 of goat.json</ref> of food from a large trough. If an adult male of the same type is within 10 blocks<ref>Lines 432-435 of goat.json</ref>, she will become pregnant shortly.  After a gestation period of 20 days,<ref>Line 439 of goat.json</ref> nannies bear one kid at a time.<ref>Lines 429-437 of goat.json</ref> The chances for male or female are 50/50.<ref>Needs confirmation; lines 429-455 of goat.json are unclear.</ref> Kids take 336 game-hours to grow up,<ref>Lines 451 of goat.json</ref> and the nannies will need 4-11 days<ref>Lines 440-441 of goat.json</ref> before they are ready to breed again.<br>
Unlike sheep, goats are safe from random bear attacks.


=== Sheep ===  
=== Chickens === <!--T:35-->


[[Sheep]] eat animal feed placed in a [[Trough|large trough]]. Troughs hold portions of dry grass or grains and sheep will consume either grass or grain. The Ewes will need a satiety value of 10 before they are willing to mate. After a pregnancy time of 20 days, ewes bear one lamb at a time, chances for male or female are 50/50. Lambs will take 336 hours to grow up, and the Ewes will need 4-11 days break before they are ready to breed again.<br>
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Note that male sheep (and sometimes the females) always attack players when in close range, but they will stop doing so after 10 generations of breeding.
{{ll|Chicken|Chickens}} will only eat grain placed in [[Trough|small troughs]]. Although hens will lay eggs on their own every 8-15 days, a hen needs to reach a satiety of 4 and have a rooster close before they can mate to produce fertile eggs. Once ready, a henbox will be necessary in order for the fertilized eggs to hatch after a proper incubation period of 5 days. If every henbox is occupied, or none are available, hens will start laying eggs on the ground, where they will not be able to hatch. They can be picked up within 48 game-hours before they disappear. Once a henbox has 3 fertilized eggs, a broody hen will sit on them periodically throughout the incubation period until they hatch. If a player or other hostile entity gets too close to the hen, they will get spooked and run off, prolonging the incubation period.  


=== Chickens ===
Once the eggs hatch, a chick will appear, which will grow up after 168 hours (7 days), with a 90% chance to be a hen and only a 10% chance to be a rooster. Once a hen has laid an egg, they will have to wait 1-2 hours before they're ready to lay again.


[[Chicken]]s will only eat grain placed in [[Trough|small troughs]]. Hens need to reach a satiety of 6 before they are ready to mate. For now, baby chicks are ''not'' preceded by eggs - they appear like other baby animals. The pregnancy takes 9 days for the hen and there will be 1-2 chicks, with a "cooldown" of 6-9 days before the next pregnancy. The chicks will grow up after 168 hours, with a 90% chance for more hens and only a 10% chance for a new rooster.<br>
=== Hares ===
Hens will lay eggs on the ground every 8-15 in-game days, which can be used in cooked foods but do not have any impact on breeding new chickens. Players should collect the eggs regularly, as they disappear within 2 days.
{{ll|Hare|Hares}} can eat from a large trough, and can also consume any vegetable items tossed on the ground nearby. Though the {{BlockInfo}} will not indicate ''when'' they are ready to mate, adult females need to eat 2 portions<ref>Line 117 of hare-female.json</ref> of food. If an adult male is within 10 blocks<ref>Lines 109-110 of hare-female.json</ref>, she will become pregnant shortly. After a gestation period of 5 days,<ref>Line 114 of hare-female.json</ref> hares bear litters of 1-4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare leverets] at a time.<ref>Lines 111-112 of hare-female.json</ref>  Leverets take 336 game-hours to mature,<ref>Line 85 of hare-baby.json</ref> and the females need to wait 2-5 days<ref>Lines 115-116 of hare-female.json</ref> before they are ready to breed again.<br>
After awhile, the {{BlockInfo}} will show that some of the hares are generation 1, i.e. not quite wild anymore. They still flee the player at gen 5, but not at gen 10.


== Harvesting and Butchering ==  
== Harvesting and Butchering == <!--T:37-->


Domesticated, or wild, animals can be killed and harvested for meat, [[hide|raw hide]]s, [[bone]]s, and [[fat]]. {{SneakClick}} with a knife in hand to harvest or butcher animals.
===Harvesting=== <!--T:38-->


===Milking===
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[[File:Ewe lactating.PNG|425px|thumb|right|tool tip on an ewe that gave birth recently]]
Domesticated and/or wild animals can be killed and harvested for {{ll|meat|meat}}, {{ll|Leather Working|raw hides}}, {{ll|bone|bones}}, and {{ll|fat|fat}}.


Ewes lactate for 21 days after giving birth. At the moment, sheep can only be milked if they are generation 2 or above. They will indicate lactating regardless of generation, but when the player tries to milk them on generation 0 or 1, the bucket will come up empty. When hovering over the ewe, the following tool tip will be displayed:<br>
<!--T:54-->
<br>
* In order to harvest, a player must {{SneakClick}} with a {{ll|Knife|knife}} in hand to harvest or butcher animals.
''Lactating for _ days, can be milked.''<br>
:'''''Note:''' The amount of items acquired by this method depends on the weight condition of the animal. ''
<br>
Note that ewes cannot be milked every day, despite lactating. The second part of the above tool tip will only be shown if they are actually ready to be milked. In some cases, they might also get stressed out and thus not ready to be milked.
When ready to milk, the player can right click and hold on the ewe with a bucket in hand. The milk can either be drunken directly when taken from the bucket with a bowl, or used in a barrel to make [[Cheese]].


== Creature Weight and Darkness ==  
===Milking=== <!--T:39-->


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[[File:Ewe lactating.PNG|425px|thumb|right|Tooltip on an ewe that gave birth recently.]]
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Ewes lactate for 21 days after giving birth. When hovering over an ewe, if tooltips are enabled, it will indicate if it's lactating. Ewes will indicate lactating regardless of generation. However, the milking process might vary:
*'''Generation 0 and 1''': If you hold right click while carrying a bucket, you risk distressing the ewe too much that it won't provide milk for the rest of the day. The best way to do it involves holding right click up until the ewe feels distresses enough to reject your bucket. At that point, you must release right click and wait a couple seconds until the ewe relaxes itself. Repeat this process until the bucket stays long enough for you to properly milk the animal.
*'''Generation 2 and above''': Ewes can be milked easily by just holding right click while holding a bucket, however there remains a 5% chance for them to become distressed even at this and all following levels of domestication.
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:'''''Note:''' Ewes cannot be milked every day, despite lactating. This can be checked by reading the tooltip.''
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The milk can either be consumed directly when taken from the bucket with a bowl, or used in a barrel to make {{ll|cheese|cheese}}.
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Female goats can also be milked after giving birth.
== Creature Weight and Darkness == <!--T:41-->
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Two parts of husbandry that may be confusing for new players are the '''creature weight''' and '''darkness''' mechanics.
Two parts of husbandry that may be confusing for new players are the '''creature weight''' and '''darkness''' mechanics.


=== Creature Weight ===  
=== Creature Weight === <!--T:43-->
 
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The {{BlockInfo}} shows a property called "Creature Weight" which can appear as good, decent, low, or starving. A lower creature weight causes fewer items to be dropped when an animal is killed. This is an issue over winter, or in cold areas, as it can significantly reduce the yield of livestock. Keeping animals well-fed prevents their weight from decreasing.
 
=== Darkness === <!--T:45-->
 
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Many animals will disappear if they are in darkness for too long and players can see if animals will disappear by looking at the {{BlockInfo}}. Light sources like oil lamps or lanterns, as well as sunlight, can prevent animals from disappearing. This is the only way for animals to despawn without being killed.
 
== Other animals == <!--T:47-->
 
<!--T:48-->
{{ll|Bees|Bees}} cannot be domesticated, but the art of {{ll|beekeeping|beekeeping}} can help them be put in a 'controlled environment' as to be able to harvest their produce without having to kill them all off.
 
<!--T:69-->
Goats (and other species in the goat family, such as musk ox) behave in most respects like sheep: they can be bred and females can milked after giving birth.
 
<!--T:70-->
Deer (and other species in the deer family, such as moose) will eat from troughs but not become pregnant after 10 portions, even with a male nearby.


The {{BlockInfo}} shows a property called "Creature Weight" which can range from good, decent, low, and starving. A lower creature weight causes fewer items to be dropped when it is killed. This is an issue over winter, or in cold areas, as it can significantly reduce the yield of livestock. Keeping animals well-fed prevents their weight from decreasing.
<!--T:49-->
{{ll|Fox|Foxes}}, {{ll|hyena|hyenas}}, {{ll|gazelle|gazelles}}, {{ll|raccoon|raccoons}}, {{ll|Wolf|wolves}} and {{ll|bear|bears}} cannot be domesticated and will have to be trapped and/or hunted down in order to reap the fruits of their dead bodies: {{ll|meat|meat}}, {{ll|fat|fat}}, {{ll|hide|hides}} and {{ll|bone|bones}}.


=== Darkness ===
== History == <!--T:65-->


Many animals will disappear if they are in darkness for too long and players can see if animals will disappear by looking at the {{BlockInfo}}. Light sources like oil lamps or lanterns, as well as sunlight, can prevent animals from disappearing.  
<!--T:66-->
* The ability to transport small animals in baskets was added in version 1.19.0-pre.1: "Animal catching: Domesticated animals can be picked up with a basket."  [https://www.vintagestory.at/blog.html/news/v1190-pre1-dejank-redux-r367/ Official Devlog]  According to the teaser image, the captured animal will die within a day if not released. Apparently, a populated basket occupies a backpack slot, like a populated skep does (that is, replaces a backpack rather than fits inside one).
* Prior to version 1.19, wild boars and sows were passive unless provoked, even when piglets were nearby.


== Other animals ==  
== Notes == <!--T:71-->
* Females try to stay near males, and babies try to stay near adult females.  Occasionally they will start running to close the gap.
* The ability to breed hares needs to be confirmed by more players without mods.


[[Bees]] cannot be domesticated, but the art of [[Beekeeping]] can help them be put in a 'controlled environment' as to be able to harvest their produce without having to kill them all off.
== Gallery == <!--T:72-->


[[Fox]]es, [[hare]]s, [[hyena]]s, [[raccoon]]s, [[Wolf|wolves]], [[drifter]]s and [[locust]]s cannot be domesticated and will have to be trapped and/or hunted down in order to reap the fruits of their dead bodies.
== See also == <!--T:73-->


Foxes, hares, hyenas, raccoons, and wolves can be hunted for their meat, [[fat]], hides and [[bone]]s. Hunting [[Drifter]]s can provide you with [[flax]], [[rusty gears]] and [[temporal gear]]. [[Locust]]s however, have no drops so they only provide a distraction to harvest.
== References == <!--T:74-->
<references />


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